To identify the correct hinge to install on a door and ensure its efficient functioning, there are various factors to be taken into consideration. The following recommendations are meant to highlight some crucial points to focus attention on and to explain some of the involved principles.
INDEX
Video Vademecum
Door weight and dimensions
Door weight and dimensions determine the hinge selection.
The stress on the hinges is due to:
• Door weight [A]
• Door width [B]
• Hinge spacing [C]
NB: As the door weight or width increases, or as the hinge spacing decreases, the hinge is subjected to a greater stress.
Position and distance between hinges
We define hinge spacing as the distance between the center of the top hinge and the center of the bottom hinge on the door leaf, whether or not there are other hinges between them.
NB: the hinge spacing influences the hinge load capacity. The smaller hinge spacing is, the lower hinge capacity is.
Hinge capacity table
It’s a reference table which determines the maximum hinge capacity based on the door width and hinge spacing.
NB: In order to maintain the load capacity, it may be required to increase the hinge spacing when the door leaf width is greater than the tested door dimension.
How to read the load capacity table
The Y axis indicates the distance between the hinges and the X axis indicates the door leaf width. By crossing the X and Y axes we get the hinge capacity.
The dimensions highlighted in green in the table below indicate combinations for which the hinge maintains its best performance. In this case capacity 60 kg with 2 hinges.
All Krona Koblenz hinges are tested on IFT certified test benches and according to EAD 020001-01-0405 standard. The data highlighted in orange (center distance, panel width and load capacity) show the characteristics used during the test.
Example of use to maximize the performance
Assuming the installation of 2 K8060 hinges in a door 2100 mm high, 900 mm wide and with a hinge spacing of 1500 mm, a load capacity of 60 kg would be reached.
By increasing the door leaf width to 1000 mm (leaving the hinge spacing unchanged), the hinge load capacity drops to 54 kg.
To obtain again a 60 kg capacity with a door leaf width of 1000 mm, it is necessary to increase the hinge spacing to at least 1650 mm. If the hinges are already placed at the far end of the door leaf, the load capacity will remain at 54 kg.
NB: Krona Koblenz always recommends increasing the hinge spacing for a minor door sagging over time and a greater hinge resistance.
How many hinges to install
Practical hints highlighting when to install 2, 3 or 4 hinges
2 hinges
For doors with a height of 2000-2100 mm and a width of up to 900 mm, the installation of 2 hinges is recommended.
3 hinges
The use of 3 hinges is recommended in the following cases:
- doors higher than 2100 mm;
- doors to be installed in a damp environment;
- doors made of thin or light materials;
- door dividing spaces with very different temperatures.
The third hinge, to be installed in the centre, helps to keep the door leaf aligned.
4 hinges
For doors higher than 2100 mm and with a width greater than 900 mm, or for installations in frequently visited public places (for example in schools, hospitals or airports), the installation of 4 hinges is recommended. The fourth hinge works as a support for the upper one, to be installed 250 mm away from the upper hinge.
Accessories
The accessories we install on the door affect both the performance and the lifetime of the hinge. Below there are some examples of doors with accessories and their relative positioning.
Doors with top closers
If there is a door closer, 3 hinges are required. The third hinge acts as a support for the lower one, to be installed 250 mm away from the upper hinge.
NB: the recommended adjustment of the door closer must be just enough to make it work. The excessive force of the door closer could compromise the functioning of the hinges. Furthermore, if the installed door closer has the "opening limiter*" function, it must be deactivated to ensure the longer lifetime of the hinge.
*Opening limiter is a function of the door closer which allows you to limit the opening of the door to a smaller angle than the one the hinge would allow.
Doors with doorstops or dropdown seals
With one of these accessories, 3 hinges are required. The third hinge works as a support for the lower one, to be installed 250 mm away from the lower positioned hinge.
NB: the doorstop should be mounted as far away as possible from the door rotation axis. We recommend the installation at a distance of approximately 75% of the door width in the direction of the lock.
NB: the recommended dropdown seal setting must be just enough to make it work. Excessive pressure of the dropdown seal on the floor could compromise the work of the hinges.
Door placing
There are 2 door placing types to be taken into consideration: public and private.
In buildings with a high public flow there is a high working intensity due to the frequent opening and closing. Even if the door weight does not require it, use the hinges with higher load capacity characteristics.
Insight
For more information on where the door is used, see the guide on the hinge classification table.
Link: https://www.kronakoblenz.com/en/product-school/guide-how-to-read-the-hinge-classification-key
Certifications
Le nostre cerniere sono testate secondo severe prove che conferiscono al prodotto un’attestazione di piena corrispondenza ai migliori parametri di performance. Sono quindi certificate secondo i più importanti standard che regolamentano i prodotti da costruzione.
In base alle prestazioni ed i processi produttivi, abbiamo certificato i nostri prodotti per: Resistenza al fuoco, Durabilità funzionale, Resistenza alla corrosione, CE ed EPD.
I test sui prodotti
Prove al fuoco
Test eseguiti secondo le normative di riferimento per porte e sistemi di chiusura che indicano la resistenza al fuoco e il controllo della dispersione del fumo. Con la sigla EI si identifica un elemento costruttivo che conserva, per un tempo determinato “t”, la tenuta alle fiamme, ai gas caldi e all'isolamento termico.
Standard normativi
EN 1634-1
BS476-22
ANSI/UL 10C
ANSI/UL 10B
CAN /ULC S104
GOST-R53307
Durabilità funzionale
Indica il numero di cicli per cui viene garantita la piena efficienza di funzionamento. Il test prevede la movimentazione di una porta di peso pari alla massima portata di una coppia di cerniere per un determinato numero di cicli. Terminati i cicli, non devono essere presenti cedimenti oltre i limiti prescritti dalla norma di riferimento.
Standard normativi
EN 1935
EAD 020001-01-0405
EN 1191
Resistenza alla corrosione
È un parametro che indica, secondo determinati requisiti, il grado di resistenza alla corrosione degli accessori per porte. Il parametro assume particolare rilevanza in ambienti con elevata corrosione atmosferica come ad esempio quelli industriali o marittimi.
La normativa europea di riferimento EN1670 prevede che le cerniere vengano sottoposte ad un trattamento con nebbia salina per un tempo fino a 240 ore.
Standard normativi
EN 1670
Marcatura CE
È una dichiarazione delle prestazioni e della costanza di prestazione secondo le normative europee di riferimento per la categoria di prodotto.
Il MARCHIO CE dichiara implicitamente che il prodotto è provvisto di documentazione specifica, test normativi, collaudi la cui conformità è stata accertata da un organismo notificato (IFT - Rosenheim).
Regolari visite ispettive da parte degli enti certificatori autorizzati sono necessarie per mantenere il marchio CE e verificare la conformità degli impianti e dei processi di produzione
Standard normativi
Percorso EOTA come da CPR introdotto nel 2013
I test sui processi produttivi
EPD – Dichiarazione Ambientale di Prodotto
DIN ISO 14025
NB: la certificazione conseguita dalla cerniera si riferisce a prestazioni ottenute nelle condizioni specificate. Questo significa che una cerniera, certificata per portata di 80 kg con l’installazione di 2 cerniere, sarà garantita dalla certificazione solo per una portata di 80 kg anche nel caso in cui si installi una terza cerniera per tentare di aumentare la portata complessiva.
ENTI REGOLATORI
BANCO DI PROVA PER TEST DI DURABILITÀ
L’attenzione che riserviamo all’affidabilità delle cerniere ci ha portato ad installare banchi di prova, tra cui uno certificato IFT, con i quali sottoponiamo TUTTE le cerniere a multiple prove di durabilità in conformità al protocollo di Test specificato dalle normative EAD_020001-01-0405, EN1935 e/o EN1191.
Warnings and recommendations
To ensure proper functioning of the hinge, it is essential to carefully assess all details of the door and the frame on which it will be mounted.
See our guide 'Warnings and Recommendations'.
Link: https://www.kronakoblenz.com/en/product-school/warnings-and-recommendations-hinges
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